Kuba Layihəsi və ya Manqust əməliyyatı — ABŞ Prezidenti Con Kennedinin səlahiyyətlərinin ilk illərində ABŞ Mərkəzi Kəşfiyyat İdarəsi (MKİ) tərəfindən hazırlanmış, Kubada dinc əhaliyə qarşı terror hücumları və məxfi əməliyyatlardan ibarət kampaniya.[1][2][3][4][5][6] 30 noyabr 1961-ci ildə prezident Kennedi tərəfindən Fidel Kastronun kommunist hökumətinə qarşı aqressiv gizli əməliyyatlara icazə verilmişdi. Kastro hökumətinin devrilməsi Kennedi administrasiyasının əsas diqqət mərkəzində idi.[7][8][9] Əməliyyat 1960-cı ildə Florida ştatının Mayami şəhərində yaradılmış JM/WAVE gizli əməliyyatları və kəşfiyyat toplama stansiyasında planlaşdırılmışdı.[10][11] Əməliyyata Hərbi Hava Qüvvələrinin generalı Edvard Lansdeyl rəhbərlik edirdi və uğursuz Donuzlar körfəzinin hücumundan sonra qüvvəyə minmişdi.
Manqust əməliyyatı | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Ümumi məlumatlar | |
Ölkə | |
![]() |
In its determination to destroy the Cuban Revolution, the Kennedy administration heedlessly embarked upon what was, in effect, a program of state-sponsored terrorism... the actions of the United States toward Cuba during the early 1960s bear comparison with Iranian and Syrian support for proxies engaging in terrorist activities against Israel
The Kennedy administration had been quick to set up a Cuba Task Force—with strong representation from CIA's Directorate of Plans—and on August 31 that unit decided to adopt a public posture of ignoring Castro while attacking civilian targets inside Cuba: 'our covert activities would now be directed toward the destruction of targets important to the [Cuban] economy' (Document 4)...While acting through Cuban revolutionary groups with potential for real resistance to Castro, the task force 'will do all we can to identify and suggest targets whose destruction will have the maximum economic impact.' The memorandum showed no concern for international law or the unspoken nature of these operations as terrorist attacks.
To coordinate and carry out its war of terror and destruction during the early 1960s, the CIA established a base of operations, known as JM/WAVE
Officially, the United States favored only peaceful means to pressure Cuba. In reality, U.S. leaders also used violent, terrorist tactics... Operation Mongoose began in November 1961... U.S. operatives attacked civilian targets, including sugar refineries, saw mills, and molasses storage tanks. Some 400 CIA officers worked on the project in Washington and Miami... Operation Mongoose and various other terrorist operations caused property damage and injured and killed Cubans. But they failed to achieve their goal of regime change.
On the afternoon of 16 October... Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy convened in his office a meeting on Operation Mongoose, the code name for a U.S. policy of sabotage and related covert operation aimed at Cuba... The Kennedy administration returned to its policy of sponsoring terrorism against Cuba as the confrontation with the Soviet Union lessened... Only once in these nearly thousand pages of documentation did a U.S. official raise something that resembled a faint moral objection to U.S.-government sponsored terrorism.
While there are multiple layers of complexity to the encirclement of Cuba, the most violent facet rests with the hundreds of acts of terrorism inflicted against civilian targets...The most infamous offshoot of the Project was Operation Mongoose...Headed by Air Force general Edward Lansdale, the operation coordinated hundreds of acts of terrorism, sabotage against Cuban industrial targets, increased propaganda efforts, and the tightening of the economic blockade...by the late 1960s it had shifted to terrorist organizations in South Florida made up of the extreme right-wing opposition that had left the island. In between were the murders, bombings, and sabotage of the terrorist program Operation Mongoose...American officials understood the acts of terror during the early years were specifically designed to disrupt, destabilize, and force the Cuban government to divert precious resources, as well as induce intrusive civil measures.